生物除臭設備借助微生物的代謝作用，將廢氣中的惡臭物質轉化為無害物質，是環保高效的廢氣處理技術，廣泛應用于市政污水、垃圾處理、化工、養殖等產生惡臭氣體的領域。其無需高溫高壓條件，運行成本低且無二次污染，能針對性處理多種揮發性惡臭成分，為惡臭污染治理提供可持續解決方案。

　　Biological deodorization equipment utilizes the metabolic process of microorganisms to convert odorous substances in exhaust gas into harmless substances. It is an environmentally friendly and efficient exhaust gas treatment technology, widely used in fields such as municipal sewage, garbage treatment, chemical industry, and aquaculture that produce odorous gases. It does not require high temperature and high pressure conditions, has low operating costs and no secondary pollution, and can effectively treat various volatile odor components, providing a sustainable solution for odor pollution control.

　　生物除臭設備處理廢氣的核心是微生物的降解作用。篩選馴化的功能微生物（如細菌、真菌、放線菌），將廢氣中的惡臭物質（如硫化氫、氨、揮發性有機物）作為營養源，在代謝過程中轉化為二氧化碳、水、硫酸鹽、硝酸鹽等無害物質。這些微生物附著在設備內部的填料表面形成生物膜，當惡臭廢氣通過填料層時，有害物質被生物膜吸附，隨后被微生物分解利用。整個過程在常溫常壓下進行，無需添加化學藥劑，避免傳統化學處理法的二次污染，也不像焚燒法那樣消耗大量能源，符合綠色環保理念。

　　The core of biological deodorization equipment for treating exhaust gas is the degradation effect of microorganisms. Screening and domestication of functional microorganisms (such as bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes), using odorous substances in exhaust gas (such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, volatile organic compounds) as a source of nutrients, and converting them into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide, water, sulfate, nitrate, etc. during the metabolic process. These microorganisms attach to the surface of the packing inside the equipment to form a biofilm. When odorous exhaust gas passes through the packing layer, harmful substances are adsorbed by the biofilm and subsequently decomposed and utilized by microorganisms. The entire process is carried out at room temperature and pressure, without the need to add chemical agents, avoiding the secondary pollution of traditional chemical treatment methods, and not consuming a large amount of energy like incineration methods, which is in line with the concept of green environmental protection.

　　設備結構設計圍繞廢氣與微生物充分接觸展開，確保降解效率。主體結構通常包括預處理單元、生物過濾單元和尾氣排放單元。預處理單元調節廢氣的溫度、濕度和 pH 值，去除顆粒物，為微生物提供適宜生存環境。生物過濾單元是核心，內部填充的填料（如多孔陶粒、有機生物濾料、活性炭復合填料）為微生物提供附著載體，孔隙結構使廢氣均勻分布，延長與生物膜接觸時間。部分設備采用生物滴濾或生物洗滌工藝，適合處理高濃度或水溶性較好的惡臭廢氣。尾氣排放單元配備風機和監測裝置，確保處理后的氣體達標排放，部分設備會設置在線監測反饋處理效果。

　　The equipment structure design revolves around the full contact between exhaust gas and microorganisms to ensure degradation efficiency. The main structure usually includes a pre-treatment unit, a biological filtration unit, and an exhaust emission unit. The preprocessing unit adjusts the temperature, humidity, and pH value of the exhaust gas, removes particulate matter, and provides a suitable living environment for microorganisms. The biological filtration unit is the core, and the fillers filled inside (such as porous ceramic particles, organic biological filter materials, activated carbon composite fillers) provide attachment carriers for microorganisms. The pore structure evenly distributes the exhaust gas and prolongs the contact time with the biofilm. Some equipment adopts biological drip filtration or biological washing processes, which are suitable for treating high concentration or water-soluble odorous exhaust gases. The exhaust emission unit is equipped with fans and monitoring devices to ensure that the treated gas meets the emission standards. Some equipment will be equipped with online monitoring feedback on the treatment effect.

　　生物除臭設備能有效處理多種類型的惡臭廢氣，適配不同來源污染成分。市政領域中，污水處理廠的廢氣經處理后惡臭濃度可降低 90% 以上，周邊環境異味顯著改善。垃圾中轉站和填埋場的廢氣成分復雜，設備通過復合微生物菌群可同時降解多種惡臭物質。養殖行業的畜禽舍廢氣經處理后，既減輕臭味污染，又降低對周邊居民的影響。化工企業產生的低濃度揮發性有機廢氣，在適宜工藝條件下也能被特異性微生物降解，處理效率可達 85% 以上。

　　Biological deodorization equipment can effectively treat various types of odorous exhaust gases and adapt to different sources of pollutants. In the municipal field, the odor concentration of the waste gas from sewage treatment plants can be reduced by more than 90% after treatment, and the odor in the surrounding environment can be significantly improved. The composition of waste gas from garbage transfer stations and landfills is complex, and the equipment can simultaneously degrade multiple odorous substances through a complex microbial community. After treatment, the waste gas from livestock and poultry houses in the breeding industry not only reduces odor pollution but also minimizes its impact on surrounding residents. The low concentration volatile organic waste gas generated by chemical enterprises can also be degraded by specific microorganisms under suitable process conditions, with a treatment efficiency of over 85%.

　　運行的穩定性與經濟性是其顯著優勢，適合長期連續運行。設備啟動后，只需定期補充營養劑和調整填料濕度，日常維護工作量小，運行能耗低，每噸廢氣處理成本遠低于化學吸收法和焚燒法。對于濃度波動較大的廢氣，設備有一定抗沖擊能力，短期內可承受濃度 1-2 倍波動而不影響處理效果。此外，設備處理規模可靈活調整，小型設備處理每小時數千立方米廢氣，大型組合式設備能滿足每小時數萬立方米需求，且可模塊化擴展，適應不同規模治理需求。

　　The stability and economy of operation are its significant advantages, suitable for long-term continuous operation. After the equipment is started, it only needs to regularly supplement nutrients and adjust the humidity of the packing material. The daily maintenance workload is small, the operating energy consumption is low, and the cost of treating each ton of exhaust gas is much lower than that of chemical absorption and incineration methods. For exhaust gases with significant concentration fluctuations, the equipment has a certain degree of shock resistance and can withstand concentration fluctuations of 1-2 times in the short term without affecting the treatment effect. In addition, the processing scale of the equipment can be flexibly adjusted. Small equipment can process thousands of cubic meters of exhaust gas per hour, while large modular equipment can meet the demand of tens of thousands of cubic meters per hour and can be modularly expanded to meet the treatment needs of different scales.

　　生物除臭設備的處理效果受多種因素影響，需針對性調控。廢氣中的有毒物質會抑制微生物活性，需在預處理階段去除；溫度過高或過低會降低微生物代謝效率，需通過溫控裝置調節；填料老化和堵塞會影響廢氣流通，需定期翻動或更換。優化這些運行參數，可確保設備長期穩定高效運行。

　　The treatment effect of biological deodorization equipment is affected by various factors and requires targeted regulation. Toxic substances in exhaust gas can inhibit microbial activity and need to be removed during the pretreatment stage; Excessive or insufficient temperature can reduce microbial metabolic efficiency, which needs to be regulated through temperature control devices; Aging and blockage of fillers can affect the flow of exhaust gas and require regular flipping or replacement. Optimizing these operating parameters can ensure the long-term stable and efficient operation of the equipment.

　　生物除臭設備憑借環保、高效、經濟的特點，成為惡臭廢氣治理的主流技術之一。隨著微生物馴化技術進步，其處理效率和適用范圍將進一步提升，為各類惡臭污染源治理提供更可靠技術支持，助力改善人居環境質量。

　　Biological deodorization equipment has become one of the mainstream technologies for the treatment of odorous waste gas due to its environmental protection, high efficiency, and economic characteristics. With the advancement of microbial domestication technology, its treatment efficiency and applicability will be further improved, providing more reliable technical support for the treatment of various odor pollution sources and helping to improve the quality of living environment.

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